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Open Door Review IV Deutsch English Italiano Espagnol Portuguese Pусский Polski Magyar Česky Bulgarski Romanian Haykakan Persian Latvija 中文 Slovenska Schwäbisch Svenska Turkiye Kazakh ελληνικά Yкраїнська Francais Kartuli Lithuanian Hrvatski Conferences Indien RTP
AN OPEN DOOR REVIEW OF CLINICAL, CONCEPTUAL, PROCESS AND OUTCOME RESEARCH IN PSYCHOANALYSIS IV
  1. Introduction and Contents
  2. Epistemological and Methodological Issues
  3. Conceptual Studies
  4. Clinical Studies
  5. Single Case Studies
  6. Process Studies
  7. Outcome Studies
  8. Neuro-Psychoanalytic Studies
  9. Ethics and Legal Issues
  10. Measures
  11. Summary
  12. References
  1. Case Record Studies
  2. Follow-up studies
  3. Quasi-Experimental Studies
  4. Experimental Treatment Studies
  5. Cost-Benefit Studies
  6. Biological Studies
  7. Qualitative Reviews
  8. Quantitative Reviews
  9. Meta-Analyses

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Anna Freud Centre Studies 2. Chart Review of 765 Cases Treated with Psychoanalysis or Psychotherapy (AFC2)

Fonagy, P., Target, M. (1994). The efficacy of psychoanalysis for children with disruptive disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 45-55
Fonagy, P., Target, M. (1996). Predictors of outcome in child psychoanalysis: A retrospective study of 763 cases at the Anna Freud Centre. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 44, 27-77
Target, M., Fonagy, P. (1994). The efficacy of psychoanalysis for children: Prediction of outcome in a developmental context. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 1134-1144
Target, M., Fonagy, P. (1994). The efficacy of psychoanalysis for children with emotional disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 361-371

This was a study of the carefully maintained case records of the Anna Freud Centre, a centre for the psychoanalytic and psychotherapeutic treatment of children under the direction of Anna Freud from 1952 until her death. Case records of the Centre are unusually detailed and to a large extent standardised following Anna Freud’s diagnostic profile (Freud, 1962) and incorporating the Hampstead Index (Sandler, 1962). The charts of 765 cases were reviewed by independent researchers and careful attention was paid to achieving reasonable reliability in judgements. Findings were reported in three papers. Disruptive disordered children did relatively poorly in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy but did better if their presentation included anxiety and if their treatment was completed. Emotionally disordered children did well in both psychoanalysis and psychotherapy and appeared to require analysis if their problems were more severe and complex. On the whole, younger children benefited more from psychoanalytic treatment than older ones.
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The Berlin I Study – The Fenichel Report

Fenichel, O. (1930). Statistischer Bericht über die therapeutische Tätigkeit 1920-1930. In S. Radó, O. Fenichel, & C. Müller-Braunschweig (Eds.), Zehn Jahre Berliner Psychoanalytisches Institut. Poliklinik und Lehranstalt (pp. 13-19). Wien: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag.

This is the first psychoanalytic outcome study and an early indication of the productivity of this field in Germany. This study has been described in detail in Bergin and Garfield, in the chapter on outcome by Bergin (1971). It forms the basis of Eysenck’s classical critique of psychoanalysis which has recently been shown to exaggerate the speed of spontaneous remission in untreated patients (McNeilly & Howard, 1991).
For a further report from the Berlin Institute see F. Boehm (1942) on 419 terminated psychoanalytic treatments (for a reference see A. Dührssen 1972).
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The Columbia University Research Project (CURP)

Weber, J., Bachrach, H., & Solomon, M. (1985). Factors associated with the outcome of psychoanalysis: report of the Columbia Psychoanalytic Center Research Project (II). International Review of Psychoanalysis, 12, 127-141.
Weber, J., Bachrach, H., & Solomon, M. (1985). Factors associated with the outcome of psychoanalysis: report of the Columbia Psychoanalytic Center Research Project (III). International Review of Psychoanalysis, 12, 251-262.
Bachrach, H. M., Weber, J. J., & Murray, S. (1985). Factors associated with the outcome of psychoanalysis. Report of the Columbia Psychoanalytic Research Center (IV). International Review of Psychoanalysis, 12, 379-389.

This was an ambitious study undertaken by the Columbia Center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research contrasting the outcomes of non-randomly assigned psychoanalytic and psychotherapeutic treatments undertaken at Columbia University. The study examined treatment records of trainee cases. It found that the vast majority of patients completing treatment show marked improvement and
that psychoanalysis achieves greater improvement than psychotherapy but the two groups were not well matched.
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The New York Psychoanalytic Institute Study (NYPIS)

Erle, J. (1979). An approach to the study of analyzability and the analysis: The course of forty consecutive cases selected for supervised analysis. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 48, 198-228.
Erle, J. & Goldberg, D. (1979). Problems in the assessment of analyzability. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 48, 48-84.
Erle, J.,& Goldberg, D. (1984). Observations on assessment of analyzability by experienced analysts. Journal of the American Psychoanalytical Association, 32, 715-737.

This programme of studies was a naturalistic pre-post study using candidates and trained analysts from the New York Psychoanalytic Institute. Outcomes were measured in terms of analysts’ assessments. The first study (N=40) included only neurotic cases whereas the second study contained some more severely disturbed individuals (N=160). Clinicians were only aware of significant improvements in 55-60% of cases but a strong relationship between length of treatment and outcome was found.
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